AMES, Iowa (Iowa Capital Dispatch) — National Farmers Union President Rob Larew spoke about the stalled reauthorization of the Farm Bill and strategies to promote agriculture and conservation within the upcoming administration Saturday at the Iowa Farmers Union annual conference. “I am so tired of talking about this farm bill,” Larew said with a laugh to a full conference room at the Quality Inn in Ames.

The Farm Bill is a bipartisan package of legislation, typically reauthorized every five years, regulating and funding food and farm programs from the U.S. Department of Agriculture conservation initiatives to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. The 2018 Farm Bill, however, was extended in 2023, expired in fall 2024 and awaits an unknown fate in the rapidly approaching close to the congressional lame-duck session. Larew said coming into 2023, the attitude with the Farm Bill was to take what happened in the pandemic and craft better provisions to protect farmers and the U.S. food system.

“And then nothing happened,” Larew said, and detailed how perspectives changed as Farm Bill deadlines came and went. “Now we are where we are, which is very likely another extension, pushing us into a lot of uncertainty for next year,” Larew said.  The reelected Farmers Union president said a Farm Bill is hard to pass in a normal year, let alone in a year when the legislation is “low on the list” of a new administration’s priorities.  Larew said he hopes the president-elect’s plans to slash government spending does not impact the Farm Bill, and said he will continue to push the message that “you can never balance a budget on the back of a Farm Bill.”

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Panelists speak about the Farm Bill at the Iowa Farmers Union annual conference. From left are Cheryl Tevis, Rob Larew, and Chris Clayton. (Photo by Cami Koons/Iowa Capital Dispatch)

Larew spoke as part of the “Farm Bill Limbo” panel at the 2024 convention, titled “Fairness in Farming,” along with DTN Progressive Farmer Ag Policy Editor Chris Clayton and Cheryl Tevis, an ag-focused writer with the Iowa Writers’ Collaborative. The other panelists expressed similar concerns toward changes to agriculture policy that could come from the upcoming administration, including tariffs, mass deportations, decreasing the abilities of USDA, and the conflicting interests of Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., who is slated to run the Department of Health and Human Services and Brooke Rollins,who Trump plans to nominate as secretary of Agriculture. Tevis said she’s “not holding (her) breath” that Congress will agree on the “fragile marriage of convenience” that is the Farm Bill before the end of the year.

Before the panel, Iowa Farmers Union members shared stories of their participation in USDA programs, like cover crops subsidies, conservation easements, energy programs that allowed them to update freezers and install solar panels and local food procurement funding. Iowa Farmers Union President Aaron Lehman opened the Saturday sessions with an overview of the union’s accomplishments in 2024, including another year of membership growth consistent with what the union has seen over the past 12 years.  Lehman commended union staff and members for their organized opposition to the sale of a nitrogen fertilizer plant to Koch Industries in the spring, a successful Farmers Union Day at the state fair and continued efforts to promote local food and conservation.

Lehman also highlighted the union’s efforts to oppose a lawsuit aimed at dismantling a federal provision that protects wetlands. Iowa Farmers Union, along with Iowa Environmental Council and several other groups, were approved Tuesday as intervenors in the lawsuit over the swampbuster provision. “We are responsible for those things being put into law,” Lehman said. “The Department of Justice and the USDA should be defending themselves when they are challenged … but it’s important for us to be there at the table too, because we’re not sure where this new administration will defend themselves.” Lehman championed union efforts at the Statehouse to secure “the first ever state-funded procurement of local food” which was accomplished in collaboration with the Iowa Food System Coalition.

Union members were invited to the local food policy summit on Friday to talk about the work of the Iowa Food System Coalition and 2025 plans to grow the Iowa local food economy.  Lehman said union members can be “proud” that they were “the only farm group opposed to a pesticide liability shield for pesticide companies.” Lehman said the group plans to oppose the Bayer-led bill about pesticide labeling again in 2025. Lehman said there is much more to be done in the coming year.  “We won’t get it just by working at the Statehouse,” Lehman said. “We have to work together in the countryside. We have to work at it around tables in our communities and on our farms in order to make a real difference from the ground up.”

(Radio Iowa) – The southern part of the state took a little longer to finish up the harvest this year compared to the north. Iowa State Extension field agronomist, Aaron Saeugling covers the southwest corner of the state, and says a wet spring is to blame. “Clearly, a lot of that was delayed planting. We had a pretty good stretch of rain in May, and so I had a lot of corn that was planted the last week of May, in the first two weeks of June, and so that delays harvest.” he says. He says a delay in southern counties has less of an impact that in the north. “We have a longer window in the fall than northern Iowa in terms of harvest. And so occasionally, if you have later higher moisture corn, they’ll kind of hold off combining,” Saeugling says. “So it’s not unusual for us to combine corn at Thanksgiving, and in northern Iowa, that’s they don’t like to do that, because Mother Nature can come.”

Saeugling covers Pottawattamie, Cass, Adair, Mills, Montgomery, Adams, Union, Fremont, Page and Ringgold counties. He says the late start and later harvest didn’t seem to impact harvest results. “You know, ironically, they still pulled some pretty good yields. There were isolated pockets, kind of depending on, you know, when the dry spell came through. I mean, we were, we were in the Drought Monitor at certain parts of the summer,” he says. “So depending if that corn was, you know, silken tasseling at the wrong time, those fields were probably impacted a little more than others, but I have other places that corn yields were exceptionally good.” Northeast Iowa saw a relatively wet summer, but I-S-U field agronomist Terry Basol says things dried out to allow for a quick harvest and dry crops.

“The moisture was low enough so that there wasn’t as much drying needed. That helped the economics, especially considering the lower commodity prices over the past few years. Every little bit certainly helps the growers,” Basol says. Basol says dry weather had a secondary impact as lower river levels impacted shipping. “There’s a fair amount of fertilizer that comes up from the Gulf to Iowa, Minnesota, and the other states along the river, so that’s another thing to keep an eye on, as well,” he says.

This marks the third fall in a row the southern Mississippi has been below average levels.

(Grant Winterer, Iowa Public Radio, contributed to this story.)